Pedigree Dogs

There are many different dogs and dog breeds all around the world.

A dog is considered a pedigree dog if it meets a number of conditions:

• The dog has to conform to the breed standards of the specific breed
• Pedigree dogs are registered with a recognised society or club (Kennel Club)
• A pedigree dog is born from two dogs of the same breed

There are more than 300 different recognised dog breeds, so there is a good chance you can find a dog breed that suits your needs.

Dog Breed Standard

A breed standard has been formulated for each pedigree dog. The breed standard describes the characteristics of a breed. Because of the breed standard, dogs within the same breed are very similar, both in appearance as in character and behaviour. This is due to the selection during breeding. The breeder chooses dogs with characteristics he or she considers important.

The Federation Cynologique Internationale (FCI), the umbrella organisation to which almost all kennel clubs belong, has divided dog breeds into 10 groups. This classification into groups is done based on descent, appearance and type of dog.

The 10 different breed classes are listed below.

Sheepdog and cattle dog

Below are 3 groups which can be distinguished:

• Dogs that assist in the rearing of livestock
• Dogs bred to herd sheep and other livestock
• Dogs bred to protect herds from predators and human theft

Herding dogs, also known as stock dogs and working dogs, are often very active and require a lot of exercise. These dogs are typically focused on their boss and are strongly attached to their family. They tend to be a bit nervous. These dogs need physical and mental stimulation.

Livestock guardian dogs are often more quiet and independent/self-assured dogs. They are watchful and reserved towards strangers. Guardian dogs require a boss who is consistent and capable. These dogs are bred to make their own decision and will not always obey.

Pinschers and Schnauzers, Molossers and Greater Swiss Mountain Dogs

Pinschers and Schnauzers are bred to control pests and guard the house. They are active and independent dogs with a strong hunting instinct. They are attached to their families and have a protective nature.

Molossers were formerly used to accompany armies. They had the function of defender, pack animal and hunt-assisting dog. They are often large, heavy and strong dogs with great ability to bite. They are often quiet, independent and confident. They bond with the family easily.

The Swiss Mountain Dogs are bred to herd cattle, to pull and to guard. They are therefore The Bernese Mountain Dog is usually quieter, more independent and more thoughtful.

These pedigree dogs require an owner who is clear and confident.

Terriers

Terriers have been bred to hunt and kill vermin and harmful game. They are brave, active and tenacious. Often they are a bit stubborn. Many terriers are watchful and like to bark. They need a consistent boss that raises them clearly.

Dachshund

Dachshunds are bred to hunt under the ground. There are 3 different sizes of Dachshunds: standard, miniature and kaninchen (rabbit). The coat type can vary, they may be wire-haired, smooth-haired, or long-haired.

Dachshunds (also known as sausage dogs) are courageous dogs that like to bark. They love to work for their boss and they learn quickly. If there is insufficient attention paid to socialisation, especially with children and other dogs, the dogs can become nervous or even show anxiety aggression. A proper and consistent upbringing is also very important!

Spitz and primitive types

Spitz dogs are commonly known as polar dogs. These dogs were primarily used for pulling, guarding and hunting. Primitive dog types are dogs that are still closely related to their ancestors, such as the Pharaoh Hound. These dogs are often very independent.

Nordic sledge dogs are group animals and cannot easily be alone. They often react a bit more distant from people and like to be high in hierarchy. Sledge dogs are not the easiest to keep as companion animals.

Most breeds within this group are independents and true hunters, making it difficult for them to run outside without a leash.

Scent hounds and related breeds

Scent hounds are known for having some of the most sensitive noses among all dog breeds and are used for hunting and detecting and chasing game. They have a good nose and a well-developed hunting instinct. Many of these breeds are pack animals and not very easy to keep alone. Outside they quickly follow their nose. This should be taken into account when raising them.

The Dalmatian and the Rhodesian Ridgeback are strong and active dogs with their own will. They are dogs that are not easy to raise, so they are not suitable for every owner. They can be turbulent towards people and intolerant towards other dogs. They need a lot of socialisation.

Pointing dogs

Pointing dogs are hunting dogs that track down game and then “point” the prey to the hunter. At the hunter’s request, the dog may incite the prey. After the game has been shot, the game may be retrieved.

Pointing dogs are often sensitive dogs that are very attached to the family. They like to work for their boss, but need a lot of exercise. They learn quickly, but they have to learn how to properly get to their boss, otherwise they will follow their nose.

Retrievers, flushing dogs and water dogs

These are dogs that pick up the game that the hunter shot.

They love to work for their boss and find joy in fetching, especially retriever dogs. Spaniels are more independent and have a strong hunting passion. Waterdogs are (usually) good swimmers and like to work together with their owners.

Dogs from this breed group are mostly social and affectionate. They also have a great stamina and most dogs like to swim. They can easily chase ducks and other game, so it is wise to teach them that they may only enter the water on command.

Companion and toy dogs

Companion dogs are a collection of dogs of the other breed groups that were then bred to keep people company.

They are devoted to their boss and often have trouble being alone. They are usually playful and affectionate, but can also be sensitive and watchful. Some companion animals can bark a lot.

Sighthounds

Sighthounds are hunting dogs that hunt on sight (instead of scent). They are used to hunt and kill game. They are often quiet and affectionate when they are indoors. Outside they can be active and independent. They often react to movement immediately (hunting instinct) and once they start to hunt they are difficult to recall.

Sighthounds belong to the gazehounds. This means that they are fast enough to chase and catch game. To prevent them from chasing animals in the field you will often have to keep them on a leash. Cycling is often a good way to give these dogs enough exercise.

Most common dog breeds

Want to know more? Please visit our dog breeds page. Here, you will find an overview of the most common dog breeds with comprehensive description such as physical features, common symptoms and training techniques.